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Tuesday, May 26, 2020
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Abu huraira, why too hadiths wrote
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https://shodalap.org/bngsadat/13089/
https://shodalap.org/bngsadat/13089/
আবু হুরাইরা(রা.) কর্তৃক বর্ণিত হাদিসের সংখ্যা এত অধিক কেন!
আবু হুরাইরা(রা.) রাসূলুল্লাহ (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) এর সান্নিধ্য পেয়েছিলেন মাত্র তিন বছর, অথচ তাঁর থেকে কমবেশি ৫০০০ হাজার হাদিস বর্ণিত আছে। অনেকের কাছে এটা এক দুর্বোধ্য বিস্ময় যে মাত্র ৩ বছরে এত অধিক হাদিস বর্ণনা করা কিভাবে সম্ভব।
আসুন দেখি কিভাবে উনি এত হাদিস বর্ণনা করেছেন।
প্রথম কারণ:
আবু হুরাইরা(রা.) শেষ তিনটা বছর খেয়ে না খেয়ে রাসূলুল্লাহ(সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) এর দরবারে পড়ে থাকতেন। তিনি ছিলেন আহলে সুফফার একজন। মুহাজিররা যখন বাজারে ব্যস্ত থাকতেন আর আনসাররা যখন নিজেদের সম্পদের দেখাশনা করতেন, তখনও তিনি রাসূলুল্লাহ(সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম)এর সাথে লেগে থাকতেন। ফলে অনেক হাদিস যেটা তার পক্ষে শোনা সম্ভব হতো সেটা অনেকের পক্ষেই সম্ভব হতো না। উনি অন্যান্যদের তুলনায় কিভাবে বেশি হাদিস শিখেছেন শুনুন উনার নিজের জবানে:
দ্বিতীয় কারণ:
উনার বিস্ময়কর স্মরণশক্তি, যেটা ছিল আসলে রাসূলুল্লাহ(সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) এর একটি মু’জিজা। একবার উনি স্মরণশক্তির ব্যাপারে অভিযোগ করায় রাসূলুল্লাহ(সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) উনাকে উনার চাদর বিছিয়ে দিতে বলেন, রাসূলুল্লাহ(সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) তাঁর উভয় হাত সেখানে চালনা করে চাদরটিকে জড়িয়ে নিতে বলেন। এরপর থেকে তিনি আর কোন হাদিস ভুলেন নাই।
এই দুটি কারণের ব্যাপারে বিস্তারিতভাবে জানতে নিচের হাদিস দুটি দেখুন:
Bukhari Sharif: Volume 003, Book 034, Hadith Number 263.
Bukhari Sharif: Volume 004, Book 056, Hadith Number 841.
এই দুটো কারণ যদি আমরা বিবেচনা নাও করি তবুও তৃতীয় কারণটিই তার হাদিস সংখ্যা বেশি হবার জন্য যথেষ্ট ছিল।
তৃতীয় কারণ:
উনার ছাত্র সংখ্যা অন্যদের তুলনায় অনেক বেশি ছিল। ফলে উনার একটি বর্ণনা বিভিন্ন সনদে হাদিস সংগ্রাহকদের কাছে এসে অধিক সংখ্যক হাদিসে পরিণত হয়েছে।
[সাধারণভাবে, হাদিস=সনদ(বর্ণনার চেইন)+মতন(মূল বর্ণনা)]
আসুন কিছু বাস্তব উদাহরণ দেখি:
এক.
১.১
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) as saying: A man must not make proposal of marriage to a woman when his brother has done so already. And he must not offer a price for a thing for which his brother had already offered a price; and a woman must not be combined in marriage with her father's sister, nor with her mother's sister, and a woman must not ask to have her sister divorced in order to deprive her of what belongs to her, but she must marry, because she will have what Allah has decreed for her. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 8, Chapter: 4, Number: 3274]
উপরের হাদিসটি আবু হরাইরা(রা.) হতে একটি সনদে বর্ণিত। এই হাদিসটা একটু বিস্তৃত। এবার দেখেন এই হাদিসের দুইটি অংশ(বোল্ড লাল এবং বোল্ড+আন্ডারলাইন নীল অংশ) কতগুলো ভিন্ন সনদে এসেছে:
১.২
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may peace upon him) having said this: One should not combine a woman and her father's sister, nor a woman and her mother's sister in marriage. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 8, Chapter: 4, Number: 3268]
১.৩
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) forbade combining of four women in marriage: a woman with her tather's sister, and a woman with her mother's sister. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 8, Chapter: 4, Number: 3269]
১.৪
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) say: Father's sister should not be combined with her brother's daughter, nor the daughter of a sister with her mother's sister. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 8, Chapter: 4, Number: 3270]
১.৫
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) forbade a person to combine in marriage a womanarid her father's sister, and a woman and her mother's sister. Ibn Shihab said: So we regarded the paternal aunt of her (wife's) father and the maternal aunt of her (wife's) father at the same level. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 8, Chapter: 4, Number: 3271]
১.৬
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: One should not combine in marriage a woman with her father's sister, or her mother's sister. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 8, Chapter: 4, Number: 3272]
১.৭
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) forbade the combining of a woman in marriage with her father's sister, or with her mother's sister, or that a woman should ask for divorce for her sister in order to deprive her of what belongs to her. Allah, the Exalted'and Majestic, is her Sustainer too. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 8, Chapter: 4, Number: 3275]
১.৮
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) forbade to combine a woman and her father's sister, and a woman and her mother's sister. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 8, Chapter: 4, Number: 3276]
কাজেই আমরা দেখছি আবু হুরাইরা(রা.) কর্তৃক বর্ণিত একটি মাত্র বর্ণনার অংশ বিশেষ বিভিন্ন সনদে/চেইনে হাদিস সংগ্রাহকদের নিকট পৌঁছার কারণে তা ৮টি হাদিসে পরিণত হয়েছে।
দুই.
আবু হুরাইরা(রা.) হতে বর্ণিত একই বর্ণনার বিভিন্ন সনদের ৪টি হাদিস:
২.১
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: Whenever you sight the new moon (of the month of Ramadan) observe fast. and when you sight it (the new moon of Shawwal) break it, and if the sky is cloudy for you, then observe fast for thirty days. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 6, Chapter: 2, Number: 2378]
২.২
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: Observe fast on sighting it (the new moon) and break (fast) on sighting it (the new moon), but if the sky is cloudy for you, then complete the number (of thirty). [Muslim Sharif : Book: 6, Chapter: 2, Number: 2379]
২.৩
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: Observe fast on sighting it (the new moon) and break it on sighting it. But if (due to clouds) the actual position of the month is concealed from you, you should then count thirty (days). [Muslim Sharif : Book: 6, Chapter: 2, Number: 2380]
২.৪
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him) made a mention of the new moon and (in this connection) said: Observe fast when you see it (the new moon) and break fast when you see it (the new moon of Shawwal), but when (the actual position of the month is) concealed from you (on account of cloudy sky), then count thirty days. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 6, Chapter: 2, Number: 2381]
তিন.
৩.১
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported: Prayer in the mosque of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) is more excellent than a thousand prayers in other mosques except the Masjid al-Haram, for Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) is the last of the Apostles, and his mosque is the last of the mosques. Abu Salama and Abu Abdullah (two of the narrators in this chain of narrations said: We had no doubt that what Abu Haraira (Allah be pleased with him) had said was from Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him), and so we did not like to get an attestation from Abu Huraira about this hadith until Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) died. We discussed it (the issue of getting attestation from Abu Huraira) amongst ourselves and blamed one another as to why we did not talk about it to Abu Huraira regarding it so that he could attribute its transmission to Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) in case he had heard It from him. While we were discussing it as we sat with 'Abdullah b. Ibrahlm b. Qariz; we made a mention of this hadith, and our omission (in getting its attestation) about its direct transmission by Abu Huraira from him (the Holy Proohet) ; thereupon Abdullah b. Ibrahim said to us: I bear witness to the fact that I heard Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) say that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: I am the last of the Apostles and my mosque is the last of the mosques. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 7, Chapter: 90, Number: 3211]
এই হাদিসের লাল অংশটুকু বিভিন্ন সনদে আরো ৫টি হাদিসে এসেছে।
৩.২
Narrated Abu Huraira
Allah's Apostle said, "One prayer in my Mosque is better than one thousand prayers in any other mosque excepting Al-Masjid-AI-Haram." [Bukhari Vol.2, Book 21, No.: 282]
৩.৩
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) narrated It directly from Allah's Apostle' (may peace be upon him) having said this: A prayer in my mosque is a thousand times more excellent than a prayer in any other mosque, except Masjid al-Haram (Mosque of the Ka'ba)." [Muslim Sharif : Book: 7, Chapter: 90, Number: 3209]
৩.৪
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: Prayer in my mosque is more excellent than a thousand prayers observed in other mosques except the Masjid al- Haram. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 7, Chapter: 90, Number: 3210]
৩.৫
Yahya b. Sa'id (Allah be pleased with him) reported: I said to Abu Salih: Did you hear Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) making a mention of the excellence of prayer in the mosque of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)? He said: No (I did not hear directly from Abu Huraira), but I heard Abdullah b. Ibrahlm b. Qariz; say that' he had heard from Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) had said: Prayer in this mosque of mine is better than a thousand prayers. or. is like one thousand prayers observed in other mosques besides It, except that it be in al-Masjid al-Haram. This hadith has been narrated by Yabya b. Sa'id with the same chain of transmitters. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 7, Chapter: 90, Number: 3212]
৩.৬
Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Rabah and Ubaydullah ibn Abi Abdullah Salman al-Agharr from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A prayer in this mosque of mine is better than a thousand prayers in any other mosque, except the Masjid al-Haram (in Makka)." [Muatta Malik : Book 14, Number 14.4.9]
চার.
৪.১
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet said, "Whoever fasted the month of Ramadan out of sincere Faith (i.e. belief) and hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his past sins will be forgiven, and whoever stood for the prayers in the night of Qadr out of sincere Faith and hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his previous sins will be forgiven ." [Bukhari Vol.3, Book 32, No.: 231]
এই হাদিস বা এর অংশবিশেষ বিভিন্ন চেইনে আরো তিনটি হাদিসে এসেছে:
৪.২
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: He who observed the fasts of Ramadan with faith and seeking reward (from Allah), all his previous sins would be forgiven, and he who observed prayer on Lailat-ul- Qadr with faith and seeking reward (from Allah), all his previous sins would be forgiven. [Muslim Sharif : Book: 4, Chapter: 117, Number: 1664]
৪.৩
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet said, "Whoever established prayers on the night of Qadr out of sincere faith and hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his previous sins will be forgiven; and whoever fasts in the month of Ramadan out of sincere faith, and hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his previous sins will be forgiven." [Bukhari Vol.3, Book 31, No.: 125]
৪.৪
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah's Apostle said, "Whoever establishes the prayers on the night of Qadr out of sincere faith and hoping to attain Allah's rewards (not to show off) then all his past sins will be forgiven." [Bukhari Vol.1, Book 2, No.: 34]
পাঁচ.
আগেই বলেছি, সাধারণভাবে, হাদিস= সনদ(বর্ণনার চেইন/সূত্র)+মতন(বর্ণনা)
নিচে দেখুন আবু হুরাইরা(রা.) কর্তৃক বর্ণিত একটি মাত্র বর্ণনা বিভিন্ন চেইনে আসার ফলে কিভাবে ৬৮টি হাদিসে পরিণত হয়েছে:
Monday, July 25, 2016
Tuesday, May 31, 2016
Misinterpreted 4:59
The misinterpretation of 4:59
O you believe, obey God and obey the messenger and those in charge among you.
4:59
O you believe, obey God and obey the messenger and those in charge among you.
4:59
This glorious verse has been subject to deliberate manipulation by the Muslim Imams and scholars in many Muslim countries. They used the words "those in charge among you" in order to claim that the religious figures have a right, according to the Quran, to have authority over people and that they should be obeyed without question.
When we analyse this verse we find that the first part of the verse is straightforward. It speaks of the Quranic command, which is repeated in other verses, to obey God and obey the messenger. It has been shown that obeying God and obeying the messenger are one and the same thing since the messenger's sole duty is to deliver God's message (5:92). For the details please see: Obey God and obey the messenger
This leaves us with the task of understanding the words "those in charge among you". Do these words rightly give the religious figures control over the people and be entitled to receive uncontested obedience from the believers?
The term "those in charge among you" covers a wide variety of people. In order to determine who is actually entitled to have authority, it would be quite logical to assert that this authority must be in accordance with God's law. In other words, it must be a God given authority, and not an authority that is self claimed.
The following are some examples of deserved authority that is in harmony with the Quranic teachings:
1- For a young boy/girl they should obey their parents who have authority over them during their younger dependent years.
2- For a wife, she must obey her husband's righteous instructions as God decreed in the Quran (4:34).
3- For an employee, he/she must obey their boss who has authority over them within the framework of the profession.
4- For citizens, they must obey the established authorities (e.g. the courts, the police, etc). They must obey the law of the land as long as it does not violate God's law.
Other cases may also be made that justify authority that must be obeyed by the people.
Now we may ask: Do the clergy and the religious figures have authority over the believers in accordance to 4:59?
It can be demonstrated that the authority God speaks of in 4:59 does not include the religious figures. The religious figures have no authority over the believers for a number of reasons.
First: The Quran stresses the fact that it is forbidden to follow any law other than the law of God, that being the Law of the Quran:
Shall I seek other than God as a lawmaker when it is He who has brought down to you the Book (Quran) fully detailed? 6:114
Second: The Quran makes it very clear in numerous ayat that there is no compulsion in religion:
There shall be no compulsion in religion. 2:256
What this means is that the sole duty of the preacher or religious leader is to preach God's way and God's laws, but never to force the people or be entitled to blind obedience.
The prophet himself was warned very clearly by God that he is to deliver the message and then if the people do not accept it or follow it, that he should leave them alone and that he has no authority over them.
Had God willed, they would not have committed shirk. We did not appoint you a guardian over them, nor are you a trustee over them. 6:107
If the prophet himself was given no authority over the people in religious matters, it would make no sense for any religious figure to claim this right for himself!
Third: It is common in many Islamic countries to find high religious figures issuing what is termed as 'fatwa'. These religious edicts become law and must be obeyed by all people. Needless to say, all fatwas are a violation of God's law in the Quran. For the details, please see: How lawful is a Fatwa?
To conclude, with the above analysis, it becomes clear that the message of 4:59 has been badly corrupted by various religious figures to claim for themselves an authority which God never gave them.
To conclude, with the above analysis, it becomes clear that the message of 4:59 has been badly corrupted by various religious figures to claim for themselves an authority which God never gave them.
Saturday, May 21, 2016
Sunday, March 13, 2016
Tuesday, May 19, 2015
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